Know a hawk from a handsaw
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10个出自《哈姆莱特》的典故
1. cudgel one’s brains
【义】绞尽脑汁,苦思冥想,伤脑筋
【源】Cudgel thy brains no more about it, for your dull ass will not mend his pace with beating…
(W. Shakespeare, Hamlet, 5:1)
别尽绞你的脑汁了,懒驴子是打死也走不快的……
(莎士比亚,《哈姆莱特》,5:1)
【例】Whenever the subject of football hooliganism comes up, I cudgel my brains to think of punishment which is bad enough for those dreadful people.
谈及足球流氓的无赖行为,我就为之伤透脑筋,总想制订一些处罚条例,让那些为害的歹徒吃吃苦头。
2. a pin’s fee
【义】一枚针;一文不值,毫无用处
【源】I do not set my life at a pin’s fee… (Hamlet, 1:4)
我把我的生命看得不值一枚针。
(《哈姆莱特》,1:4)
【例】Such advice isn’t worth a pin.
这样的建议毫无价值。
3. find quarrel in a straw
【义】吹毛求疵,找碴儿
【源】
Righty to be great
Is not to stir without great argument,
But greatly to find quarrel in a straw
When honor’s at the stake.
(Hamlet, 4:4)
真正的伟大不是轻举妄动,而是在荣誉遭遇危险时候,即使为了一根稻秆之微,也要慷慨力争。(《哈姆莱特》,4:4)
【例】He is not one to find quarrel in a straw.
他不是吹毛求疵的人。
4. know a hawk from a handsaw
【义】有起码的判断力,还有点见识
【源】I am but mad north-north-west: when the wind is southerly I know a hawk from a handsaw. (Hamlet, 2:2)
天上刮着西北风,我才发疯;风从南方吹来的时候,我不会把一只鹰当作一只鹭鸶。
(《哈姆莱特》,2:2)
【例】Mr Ford cannot tell a hawk from a handsaw if he supposes that the wastage of unemployment, and the idiocy of the Industrial Relations Act, spell revolution.
如果福特先生以为失业的损失和《工业关系法》的愚蠢会导致革命,那么他就是缺乏最起码的判断力。
5. There is method in one’s madness.
【义】貌似疯狂其实有理
【源】Though this be madness, yet, there’s method in’t.
—Will you walk out of the air, my Lord?
(Hamlet, 2:2)
这些虽然是疯话,却有深意在内。——你要走进里边去吗,殿下?
(《哈姆莱特》,2:2)
【例】There is, in the long run (at least I hope so), some kind of method in my madness. (A. Huxley, Let)
从长远观点看(至少我希望是这样),我的貌似疯狂的行为实际上是有道理的。
(赫胥黎,《书信集》)
6. observed of all observers
【义】被大家注视的人;众人瞩目的中心
【源】The glass of fashion, and the mold of form,
The observ’d of all observers, quite, quite down!
(Hamlet, 3:1)
时流的明镜,人伦的雅范,举世瞩目的中心,这样无可挽回地陨落了!
(《哈姆莱特》,3:1)
【例】I mount upon the bridge, the observed of all observers.
(R. L. Stevenson, The Wrecker)
我走到驾驶台上,成为大家注视的中心。
(R. L. 史蒂文森,《破坏者》)
7. primrose path
【义】樱草之路;享乐之路;放荡
【源】Show me the steep and thorny way to heaven,
Whiles like a puff’d and reckless libertine,
Himself the primrose path of dalliance treads,
And recks not his own rede.
(Hamlet, 1:3)
指点我们上天去的险峻的荆棘之途,自己却在花街柳巷流连忘返。
(《哈姆莱特》,1:3)
【例】Never to sell his soul by travelling the primrose path to wealth and distinction.
(J. A. Froude, Carlyle)
决不要为贪图享乐而出卖自己的灵魂。
(J. A. 弗劳德,《卡莱尔传》)
8. There’s the rub.
【义】这就是困难所在;问题就在这里
【源】
To die, to sleep;
To sleep, perchance to dream. Ay, there’s the rub,
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come
When we have shuffled off this moral soil,
Must give us pause.
(Hamlet, 3:1)
死了,睡着了;睡着了也许还会做梦;嗯,阻碍就在这儿;因为我当我们摆脱了这一具腐朽的皮囊之后,究竟将要做些什么梦,那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。
(《哈姆莱特》,3:1)
【例】“And what would be my Lord Durrisdeer’s answer?” asked he. “Aye,” said I, “that is the rub.”
(R. L. Stevenson, The Masters of Ballantrae)
“那么德里斯蒂阁下会怎样回答呢?”他问。“嗳,是啊,”我说,“麻烦就在这儿呀。”
(R. L. 史蒂文森,《巴伦特雷的少爷》)
9. of shreds and patches
【义】褴褛的,破烂的;没有价值的;不经久的;混杂的,拼凑的
【源】
Queen No more.
Hamlet A king of shreds and patches—
(Hamlet, 3:4)
王后:别说了。
哈姆莱特:一个下流褴褛的国王——
(《哈姆莱特》,3:4)
【例】That this thing of shreds and patches has been vamped together for sale only.
把这一钱不值的东西拼凑起来只是为了能卖出去。
10. One woe doth tread upon another’s heel.
【义】后一桩祸事接着前一桩祸事;祸不单行
【源】
King How now, sweet queen!
Queen One woe doth tread upon another’s heel, so fast they follow: your sister’s drown’d Laertes.
(Hamlet,4:7)
国王:啊,亲爱的王后!
王后:一桩祸事刚刚到来,又有一桩祸事接踵而至。雷沃提斯,你得妹妹掉在水里淹死了。
(《哈姆莱特》,4:7)
John Everett Millais' Ophelia (1852)
以上内容摘自《英语典故词典》,图片来自网络。
大量收录英语文学三大源流——《圣经》、希腊罗马神话、莎士比亚戏剧中的典故;兼收取自西方现代生活、历史故事、风俗习惯的典故。追远溯流,指明详细出处,提供丰富例证,凸现每条典故的含义和用法。充分反映西方文化背景知识,有助于读者提高写作水平,曾强表达能力。如果您喜欢这本书,可以点击文末的“阅读原文”购买。
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